Titanium kev sib piv
Titanium is not actually a rare substance, as it is the ninth most abundant element and the fourth most abundant structural metal in the Earth's crust, surpassing aluminum, iron, and magnesium. Unfortunately, it is rarely found in high concentrations and never in pure form. Therefore, the difficulty of metal processing makes it expensive. Even today, it's just a mass production process, not a continuous process like other structural metals.
Titanium is commonly found in ilmenite (fatio3) in Russia's Ilmen Mountains or in rutile (tio2) ore found on beaches in Australia, India and Mexico. Titanium dioxide is a versatile white pigment used in paints, paper and plastics that consumes most of the world's production. In addition to Russia, Australia, India and Mexico, viable deposits include deposits in the United States, Canada, South Africa, Sierra Leone, Ukraine, Norway and Malaysia.
Ntawm 112 cov ntsiab lus tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem niaj hnub paub niaj hnub no, txog 85 feem pua yog cov hlau lossis hlau. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los faib cov hlau, xws li ferrous lossis non-ferrous hlau, ingot lossis sintered hlau, lub teeb hlau lossis hlau hnyav.
Titanium muab faib ua cov hlau tsis yog -ferrous thiab lub teeb hlau. Cov khoom ntawm cov hlau feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov atoms hauv cov iav siv lead ua. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias dawb, mobile- nqi hluav taws xob plaid ua rau thaj chaw so. Carbon fiber reinforced plastics muaj lub zog tshwj xeeb tshaj li titanium alloys ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 300 C (Daim duab 1.2). Thaum kub siab dua, lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm titanium alloys yog qhov tshwj xeeb txaus nyiam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kub siab tshaj plaws yog txwv los ntawm nws tus cwj pwm oxidation. Txij li thaum titanium aluminium ib feem kov yeej qhov tsis zoo no, lawv tau dhau los ua lub ntsiab lus kub hauv kev tsim cov hlau. Thaum cov tsoos siab-kub titanium alloys tsis tshaj 500C, titanium-raws li alloys sib tw ncaj qha nrog paub tab siab-kub steels thiab npib tsib xee-raws li superalloys
